Understanding Tired Light
In the Kinetiverse, the tired light hypothesis explains the observed redshift of distant galaxies as energy loss of photons due to interactions with a spatial medium, using spatial forces (F=ma) and temporal energy (E=mc). Rejecting gravity and spacetime, redshift results from changes in photon path lengths, modulated by entangled space-time dynamics. This framework attributes redshift to a loss mechanism rather than cosmic expansion, aligning with observations like the Hubble relation (z ≈ H d / c).
Key Equations
E = h ν = m c
Where h ≈ 6.626 × 10^-34 J·s is Planck’s constant, ν is photon frequency, m = hν/c² is effective mass, and c ≈ 3 × 10^8 m/s is the temporal velocity scale.
dE/dt = -k · E
Where k ≈ 10^-18 s^-1 is the loss coefficient. Leads to frequency decrease: ν = ν₀ e^(-k d / c).
z = e^(k d / c) - 1 ≈ k d / c
Where d is distance. Matches Hubble’s law for small k d / c, e.g., z ≈ 0.1 at d ≈ 100 Mpc.
F = m · aspatial = -(h ν α / c)
Where aspatial = -α c, α ≈ 10^-18 s^-1 is the drag coefficient. Drives energy loss via medium interactions.